History ; It is assumed that it was built by the Hurrians between 3000 and 4000 BC. Diyarbakır Castle has been used as a transit route and military base by many civilizations such as Rome, Byzantine, Abbasi, Mervan, Seljuk, Artuklu, Inallı, Nisanlı, Eyyubi, Akkoyunlu and the Ottoman Empire.
Diyarkabakır City Walls ; Diyarkabakır Castle and the City Walls are also among the oldest and most durable walls in the world. Diyarbakır Castle, which is 5,700 meters long, is 10-12 meters high in places. It is remarkable with its bastions located in the castle, which is 3-5 meters, 82 bastions and main gates opening in 4 directions. The magnificent reliefs made on the bushes can be seen almost everywhere. It is considered to be the longest walls in the world after the Great Wall of China. Diyarbakır City Walls were built with very strong basalt stones brought from Karacadag in the southwest of Diyarbakır. The names of the four gates: Mardin Gate / Tep / Bab El Tel (south), Urfa Gate / Rum (west), Yeni Kapı / Dicle / Su Kapı (east), Mountain / Harput / Bab-ı Jalal (north).
Diyarbakır Ulu Mosque ; It is the oldest mosque in Anatolia, it was built by the Muslim Arabs who ruled Diyarbakır in 639 by converting the largest temple in the city center into a mosque. Later, in 1091, on the order of the Great Seljuk Sultan Melikşah, a major repair was made. In the mosque, there is a sundial made by the famous scholar Al Cezeri, who is regarded as the father of cybernetics. Mosque of the Hanafii sect in the south of the large courtyard, Mosque of the Shafii sect and Mesudiye Madrasah to the north, Zinciriye Madrasah to the west are a group of buildings that bring together religious and cultural structures. Other Mosques are Ulu Mosque, Nebi Mosque, Hz Süleyman Mosque (Tomb of 27 Martyrs), Mutahhar Mosque (4-legged Mosque, Akkoyunlu)
Diyarbakır Churches ; Surp Giragos Armenian Church, Mar Petyum Catholic Chaldean Church, Protestant Church, Virgin Mary Assyrian Church.
Hasan Pasha Han ; Historical Hasan Pasha Han was built by Vezirzade Hasan Pasha, the governor of Diyarbakir, son of his governor Sokullu, between 1572-1575. XVII. The Polish Simeon 500, who came to the city in the 16th century, wrote that there were stables for horses in Hasan Pasha Inn and Evliya Çelebi said, "It is a solid structure like a castle." Hasan Pasha Han is the second largest inn in Diyarbakır after Deliller Inn. Hasan Pasha Inn was restored and used as a cafeteria. The barn rooms, where caravans, camels and horses used to spend the night, serve as restaurants and halls.
Diyarbakır Houses ; Cahit Sıtı Tarancı house is one of the beautiful examples of Diyarbakır houses, it was built in 1733.The building, which was used as the Trachom Hospital, which was a pandemic eye disease in Atatürk's time, was later transferred to the Cahit Sıtkı Tarancı family and was organized as a museum in 1973. It is a house with summer, winter and spring sections, a central courtyard, multiple windows and a pool. Other important houses are Ziya Gökalp House, Ahmet Arif House, Sait Pasha Mansion, İskender Pasha Mansion, Cemil Pasha Mansion, Behram Pasha Mansion.
Archeology ; 12000-10000 The first copper and painted ceramic pieces produced in Mesopotamia were found in Körtik Hill, Amida Ruines and Cayonu Ruines.